Marriage Separation Process: 6-Point Comprehensive Guide

Going through a marriage separation can be an emotionally challenging and complex experience.

In Australia, understanding the legal aspects of the separation process is crucial to ensure a fair and amicable resolution.

This article provides a comprehensive guide to the marriage separation process under Australian law, providing an overview of the critical steps and considerations involved.

1. Understanding Separation

The first step in the marriage separation process is to establish a clear separation between the spouses.

In Australia, a separation occurs when one or both parties inform the other of their intention to separate permanently.

It’s important to note that separation does not necessarily require the couple to live in separate residences. Legal advice should be sought to determine the specifics of your situation.

Types of Separation

There are two main types of separation: informal separation and legal separation.

• Informal Separation is when a couple decides to separate without any legal proceedings. In this type of separation, the couple may make their arrangements regarding property division, child custody, and financial support without involving the court or legal system. This type of separation is not legally binding, and the couple may reconcile or change their arrangement at any time.
• Legal Separation also known as a separation agreement or a decree of separation, is a formal legal process that involves the court. In this type of separation, the couple may still be legally married, but they live separately and have a legally binding agreement on issues such as property division, child custody, and financial support. A legal separation may be used as a precursor to a divorce, or the couple may choose to stay separated without getting a divorce.

It’s important to note that legal separation is not the same as divorce, and the couple remains legally married.

However, a legal separation may have similar legal consequences to a divorce, such as property division and child custody arrangements.

In Australia, legal separation is not required before divorce, and couples may apply for divorce directly.

However, legal separation can be a useful option for couples who are not yet ready for a divorce but wish to have a formal agreement regarding their separation.

Also read: Separation vs Divorce: What is the Difference?

2. Applying for Divorce

Once a period of separation has been established for at least 12 months, either spouse can apply for a divorce.

The divorce application is submitted to the Federal Circuit Court of Australia or the Family Court of Australia, depending on the circumstances.

The court will then assess the application and, if satisfied, grant a divorce order, legally ending the marriage.

It is recommended to consult with a family lawyer to ensure the application is adequately prepared and to address any concerns.

In Australia, legal separation and divorce are distinct concepts. Legal separation involves couples living apart without formally ending their marriage, allowing for reconciliation.

It doesn’t require legal proceedings, but couples can negotiate property, financial, and parenting arrangements.

Divorce, however, is the formal legal process of ending a marriage, requiring a court application.

It’s based on the irretrievable breakdown of the marriage, evidenced by a 12-month separation period.

Divorce legally dissolves the marriage, enabling individuals to remarry. Australian divorce law operates on a ‘no fault’ basis, focusing solely on the separation as proof of marital breakdown.

3. Property Settlement

The division of assets and property is critical to the marriage separation process. The Family Law Act 1975 governs property settlements in Australia, focusing on achieving a just and equitable outcome.

Disclosing all assets, liabilities, and financial resources is essential to determining a fair division.

Parties are encouraged to negotiate and reach an agreement through mediation or alternative dispute resolution methods.

If an agreement cannot be reached, the court may be involved in making a final decision.

4. Parenting Arrangements

Determining parenting arrangements is paramount for couples with children. The best interests of the children are the primary consideration under Australian law.

Parents are encouraged to develop a parenting plan that outlines how parental responsibilities and time with the children will be shared.

The court may establish appropriate arrangements to prioritise the child’s welfare if an agreement cannot be reached.

Rights Related to Child Custody During Separation

When it comes to child custody during separation in Australia, the most important factor is the best interests of the child.

The Family Law Act 1975 sets out the principles for determining child custody and the rights of each parent. Here are some key rights to keep in mind:

1. Both parents have equal parental responsibility: Both parents have the right to be involved in their child’s life and make decisions about their upbringing, including their education, healthcare, and religion. This means that even if the child lives with one parent in custody during separation, the other parent still has a say in important decisions.
2. The child’s best interests are the priority: The primary consideration in determining child custody is the best interests of the child. This includes factors such as the child’s relationship with each parent, their emotional and physical needs, their views (depending on their age and maturity), and any history of family violence or child abuse.
3. Parents have the right to apply for parenting orders: If parents cannot agree on custody arrangements, they can apply to the court for parenting orders. A parenting order is a legally binding agreement that sets out the custody arrangements for the child.
4. Parents have the right to spend time with their child: Both parents have the right to spend time with their child, regardless of who has physical custody. This means that the parent who does not have physical custody may have visitation rights or be entitled to spend time with the child regularly.
5. The child’s views are taken into consideration: Depending on their age and maturity, the child’s views may be taken into consideration when determining custody arrangements. This implies that the child might be able to voice their opinion and have the court consider it.

It’s important to remember that child custody arrangements can be complex, and it’s crucial to seek legal advice to understand your rights and responsibilities.

Working together with the other parent and prioritising the best interests of the child is always the best approach to finding a suitable custody arrangement.

5. Spousal Maintenance

In certain circumstances, one spouse may be entitled to receive financial support from the other after separation.

Spousal maintenance refers to ongoing payments made to support the financially disadvantaged party.

Factors the court considers include income, earning capacity, and living standards during the marriage. It’s advisable to seek legal advice to determine whether spousal maintenance applies in your case.

We Can Help You Too: Marriage Separation Process

It is highly recommended to engage the services of an experienced lawyer throughout the marriage separation process.

A lawyer specialising in family law will provide invaluable guidance, explain your rights and obligations, and help you navigate the complexities of the legal system.

They can also assist in negotiations, representing your interests to achieve the best possible outcome.

At Melbourne Family Lawyers, we take pride in delivering exceptional legal services in family law.

Remember, every situation is unique, so it is advisable to consult with a family lawyer who can provide tailored advice based on your specific circumstances.

Hayder Shkara

Director of Melbourne Family Lawyers, Hayder manages the practice and oversees the running of all of the files in the practice. Hayder has an astute eye for case strategy and running particularly complex matters in the family law system.